![]() The exploration and exploitation of the Americas by Europeans led to the Slave Trade and its devastating consequences.It led to the almost complete decimation of native populations. These had a catastrophic effect on the native people, who had no immunity to such illnesses. He introduced diseases, such as smallpox and influenza, that were formerly unknown to the continent.Christopher Columbus on Native Americans Their spears are made of cane…They would make fine servants …With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want." "They do not bear arms, and do not know them, for I showed them a sword, they took it by the edge and cut themselves out of ignorance. The brutality with which he and his brothers ruled Hispaniola resulted in his arrest of him in 1498. He treated the indigenous people barbarically, forcing them into slavery and to accept Christianity.Also, the Vikings are believed to have established colonies in Newfoundland, Canada, in the 10th century. It was the indigenous peoples who had lived there for centuries. There is much controversy over celebrating Columbus Day. In 1971, by Presidential Proclamation, the day was changed to the second Monday in October. Finally, in 1937, President Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a national holiday. ![]() The Knights of Columbus, a Catholic-based fraternal organization, lobbied for the day to be an official observance. To resolve this, President Benjamin Harrison observed Columbus Day the following year. In 1891, people in New Orleans lynched around eleven Italians which led to the rise of tension between the US and Italy. There was another reason behind the Columbus Day celebration. In 1892, to celebrate the 400th anniversary, President Harrison proclaimed that citizens “cease from toil and devote themselves to such exercises as may best express honor to the discoverer and their appreciation of the great achievements of the four completed centuries of American life.” Italian and Catholic communities began to observe the day by holding religious ceremonies and parades, particularly in the latter half of the 19th century. ![]() ![]() Tammany, or the Columbian Order, a New York political society. It marked the 300th anniversary of Columbus' first landing in the Americas. The first recorded celebration in the United States was observed in 1792. Whatever the case, his voyages connected the Old and New Worlds and led to the exploration and exploitation of the Americas. Some sources state that he did come to realize that he had traveled to a new continent, not the Indies others claim he died still believing he had established a route to the East. He went on to make 3 further journeys in 1493, 1498, and 1502, visiting the islands and the coast of mainland South America. There he established Spain's first colony and arrived home in March 1493. In December, they landed in Hispaniola, thinking it was Japan. On October 12, 1492, the three ships, the Niña, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria, landed in the Bahamas. Later in October, they saw the coast of Cuba and Columbus believed he had discovered China. However, his miscalculations led him to consider that the circumference of the earth was a lot lesser than it actually was. With this voyage, he intended to establish a western sea route to Asian islands near China and India, famed for gold and spices.Īlthough his destination lay in the East, he traveled toward the West because he believed that the Earth was round so he would eventually travel the entire world and reach his destination. He set out on his first exploratory voyage on August 3, 1492, with the backing of the King and Queen of Spain. Columbus' VoyagesĬhristopher Columbus was the son of a wool weaver who was born sometime in 1451 in Genoa, Italy. The 2023 Columbus Day Celebration marks the 531st year since Columbus's first historic voyage. In most of those cities, the day is known as National Indigenous Peoples Day. Therefore, in those states, it is not a day off and many shops and businesses remain open. However, not all schools and post offices are closed for the day, so it is best to check beforehand. It is a federal holiday, so most banks and government offices are closed. Columbus Day takes place on the second Monday of October.
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